Farmers dumped manure on the streets of Turin on Friday as mass demonstrations unfurled across more than 50 cities in Italy.
Thousands of students and workers took to the streets to protest soaring living costs and the poor state of public services such as healthcare and education.
Nationwide strikes and marches have been staged by teachers and workers from agricultural and healthcare sectors, among others, in action spearheaded by the anti-capitalist trade union Unione Sindacale di Base (USB).
Transport workers had been slated to join the pickets too, but abandoned plans after Transport Minister Matteo Salvini threatened the sector with sanctions. The USB urged taxi drivers to go ahead with strikes despite also receiving the warning.
The largest rallies took place in Milan, Turin and the capital of Rome, where young and old united to vent their anger at Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and her right-wing government.
Preventative arrests were made ahead of the marches to quell violence, the Interior Ministry said Friday morning, but clashes between protesters and police still occurred in places.
Demonstrators in Milan held placards bearing anti-government slogans, “Let’s oust the Meloni government—rebellion is just,” one read. In Naples, some protesters burnt photos of Meloni.
While the industrial action is nationwide, demands have varied from one location to the next.
In the northern city of Genoa, dockworkers mobilized against the “militarization” of the port in a bid to block the export of arm shipments to conflict zones.
But in nearby Bologna, students called on the government to review education policy.
The wave of civil discontent is not exclusive to Italy. Protests have swept through Europe in recent weeks as hundreds of thousands of people have demanded government intervention to ease the cost of living.
Demonstrations in France began in late September with teachers and students protesting a lack of investment in education and woeful working conditions. The protests have since escalated to reflect wider concerns about the cost of living.
A deepening housing crisis has triggered demonstrations across Spain and Portugal, with activists erecting encampments in the capitals’ central plazas.
Albania has seen a series of anti-government protests, with thousands taking to the streets to highlight alleged government corruption and to demand the resignation of Prime Minister Edi Rama.
And in Serbia, youth protests were effective in ousting long-standing leader Aleksandar Vučić last weekend.
